Publish Time: 2022-12-16 Origin: Site
The world is looking for an alternative to R22 refrigerant, but there has been little progress. The so-called "environmental protection" refrigerants are either toxic, explosive, or inefficient and expensive. The progress of related manufacturers and supporting compressors is also relatively lagging behind. The R32 and R290 refrigerants launched are more or less hidden dangers. This paper is popularized on the characteristics of R32 and R290 refrigerants, hoping to help you.
R32 Basic Performance
Chemical name: difluoromethane;
molecular formula : CH2F2 ;
Physical properties: Colorless, odorless, slightly burned (Class A2). Refrigerant R410A is non-toxic and non-flammable (class A1). The thermodynamic performance of R32 is similar to that of R410A, which is explosion risk, non-toxic and combustible.
Chemical name: Propane;
Molecular formula: C3H8
Appearance and Properties: Colorless gas, pure product odorless ;
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, soluble in ether, ethanol ;
Flash Point (°C) : — 104 ;
Upper Explosion Limit% (V/V) :9.5 ;
Lower Explosion Limit% (V/V) : 2.1 ;
Note:
Flashpoint: The temperature at which a mixture of steam and air on the surface of a combustible liquid first flashes in contact with fire.
| Refrigerant | R22 | R410A | R290 | R32 |
| ODP | 0.05 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| GWP | 1700 | 2100 | <20 | 675 |
| Toxicity | Non | Non | Non | Non |
| Flammability | A1 | A1 | A3 | A2 |
| Availibility | High | High | High | High |
| Filling Capacity (compare R22) | 1 | 0.8 | 0.45 | 0.7 |
| Refrigerant | Molecular | GWP | ODP |
| R290 | C3H8 | 3 | 0 |
| R32 | CH2F2 | 580 | 0 |
| R410A | R32/R125 | 1900 | 0 |
| R22 | CHF2Cl | 1700 | 0.055 |
| Refrigerant | R290 | R32 | R22 | R410A | R134a | |
| LFL | vol% | 2.1 | 13.5 | NA | NA | NA |
| kg/m3 | 0.038 | 0.306 | NA | NA | NA | |
| AIT | ℃ | 470 | 648 | 635 | N.D. | 743 |
| MIE | mJ | 0.31 | 30-100 | NA | NA | NA |
| BV | cm/s | 46 | 6.7 | NA | NA | NA |
| HOC | MJ/kg | 50.3 | 9.4 | 2.2 | -4.4 | 4.2 |
| OEL | PPMv | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 |
| ASHRAE34 | A3 | A2 | A1 | A1 | A1 | |
R32 Summary :
The global warming coefficient of R32 refrigerant is 1/3 of that of R410A, which is more environmentally friendly than traditional R410A and R22 refrigerants, but R32 has certain flammability.
Compared with R410A refrigerant, R32 has about 3% higher saturation pressure, about 8-15°C higher exhaust temperature, about 3-5% higher power, and about 5% higher energy efficiency ratio.
Under the same operating conditions and the same operating frequency of the compressor, the cooling capacity and energy efficiency of the R32 system are about 5% higher than those of the R410A refrigerant.
R290 Summary :
Health hazards: simple asphyxia and anesthetic effects. Temporary exposure to 1% propane does not cause symptoms; Concentrations below 10% cause only mild dizziness; Anesthesia and loss of consciousness may occur when exposed to high concentration; Suffocation can be caused at extremely high concentrations.
Hazard characteristics: combustible gas, mixed with air to form explosive mixture, heat source and open flame risk of combustion explosion.
According to the charge amount, R290 refrigerant is only 40% ~ 55% of R22 and R410a, which is less and more economical
Low freezing point, greater evaporation latent heat, so that the cooling speed per unit time is faster; The isentropic compression ratio is small, which makes the compressor work easier and prolongs the service life of the compressor. Small molecular weight, good fluidity, lower conveying pressure, reduced compressor load. With R290 refrigerant, the energy saving rate can reach 15 ~ 35%.
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