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An Encyclopedia on Refrigerant Gas Knowledge

LIST

Classification

  • Q The Definitions of CFC HCFC HFC and HC Refrigerants

    A

    1. CFC Refrigerant: Freon refrigerants, the components of fluorine F, chlorine Cl and carbon C, are listed as a controlled substance by the Montreal Protocol because of their greatest damage to the ozone layer.

     

    2. HCFC Refrigerant: The elements hydrogen H, chloride Cl, fluorine F and carbon C are regarded as the most important transitional substitutes for CFC because their ozone layer destruction coefficient is only a few percent of R11.

     

    3. HFC Refrigerant: The ozone layer destruction coefficient of hydrogen H, fluorine F and carbon C is 0, but the climate warming potential is very high.Under the compliance requirements of the Amendment of Montreal Agreement, China is required to freeze the production and use of HFCs at baseline levels beginning in 2024. (Baseline is the average HFCs from 2020 to 2022, plus 65% of the baseline HCFC level in CO2 equivalent) The production and use of HFCs will not exceed 90% of the baseline from 2029, 70% from 2035, 50% from 2040, and 20% from 2045.

     

    Non-azeotropic refrigerant mixtures refer to refrigerants that are formed by mixing two or more substances.
     

    Generations Category Main Products ODP OWP Features and Current Circunstances
    1G CFCs R11,R12,R113 1 4000 Seriously destroys the ozone layer. In 2010, it was phased out and banned from production in the global market. The Ministry of Ecology and Environment of my country clarified the illegal recognition of R11 in the polyester industry
    R114,R115,R500
    R502
    2G HCFCs R22 0.055 1810 In the long run, the ozone layer has been severely damaged, and developed countries are close to complete elimination.
    Developing countries enter the stage of production reduction
    R123 0.02 77
    R141b 0.12 725
    3G HFCs R134a 0 1430 It has no impact on the ozone layer, and the greenhouse effect is much higher than that of carbon dioxide and second-generation refrigeration. Currently, developed countries are in the early stage of phase-out, and developing countries have entered the quota reference period.
    R125 0 3500
    R32 0 675
    R410a 0 2100
    4G HFOs R1234yf, R1234ze 0 low  No fluorine refrigerant, high environmental friendliness, but the refrigeration effect and safety are not as good as the previous generation. Shortcoming of related patents limite, equipment high cost and flammable feature
    HCs R600a,R290 0 low 

     

  • Q Guide To Import Refrigerant Gas

    A
    Steps of importing refrigerant gas from us.

    1. We agree on refrigerant gas price, net weight per package etc. and then we will send you a proforma invoice for your payment.
    2. Payment: normally we accept 30% as deposit and 70% balance against copy of B/L. Payment by L/C at sight is also negociable.
    3. After receiving payment of 30%, we will send refrigerant gas cylinder and carton designs for your confirmation and begin production.
    4. We will send you detailed photos of refrigerant gas after the goods is ready then we will arrange the shipment by sea.
    5. We will send you photos of refrigerant gas loading to verify that the goods is correctly loaded into container.
    6. After shipment of goods, we will send all drafts of documents for your confirmation.
    7. Then we send you the copy of B/L and commercial invoice by email for your payment of 70% balance.
    8. After receipt of all the payment, we will send all original documents to your mailing address.
    9. You will use all these documents for collection of refrigerant gas.

    Some important notice:

    1. You must get the import permit of R22 gas from your government before you buy R22 from us.
    2. If you are importing to Euroepan EU market, you must have the F-Gas Quota.

  • Q What is the UN Number and HS code of all refrigerant gas?

    A Please check following table of UN number and HS code and Risk Grade of our refrigerant gas.

    Refrigerant Gas UN HS CODE RISK CATEGORY
    R22 1018 2903710000 2.2
    R32 3252 2903420000 2.1
    R134a 3159 2903450000 2.2
    R410A 3163 3827630000 2.2
    R404A 3337 3827610000 2.2
    R407c 3340 3827640000 2.2
    R507 3163 3827610000 2.2
    R290 1978 2711120000 2.1
    R600A 1,969 2901100000 2.1

  • Q How Do I Choose the Package of Refrigerant Gas

    A For shipment of refrigerant gas, there are 5 kinds of most popular package in use:
    1. Disposable cylinder
    2. Small canister / bottle
    3. Refillable cylinder
    4. Refillable Ton Tank
    5. Refillable ISO Tank.

    You can print your own logo or design onto the disposable cylinder, small canister or refillable cylinder for brand and better selling consideration.
    If you buy a large quantity and have the service of refilling station at your own country, the package of ton tank or ISO tank is more profitable as
    you can return ton tank or ISO tank to us. During the whole period some guarantee fee is required to ensure the returning of ton tank or ISO tank.

    Following is the exact refrigerant gas net weight of each package, for more details please send us emails, we are always available.

    Refrigerant Gas Canister Disposable Cylinder Refillable Cylinder Ton Tank ISO Tank
    R22 100-1000g 13.6 or 22.7KG
    		950KG 24000KG
    R32
    		9.5 or 7KG 9KG 680KG 15000KG
    R134a 100-1000g 13.6KG 12KG 930KG 20000KG
    R410A 100-700g 11.3KG 9.8KG 740KG 14000KG
    R404A 100-700g 10.9KG 9.8KG 650KG 14000KG
    R407c 100-700g 11.3KG 9.8KG 840KG 14000KG
    R507 100-700g 11.3KG 9.8KG 690KG 14000KG
    R290
    		5KG


    R600A 120 or 420g 6.5 or 6KG
    		470KG

  • Q How to Ensure the Quality Purity and After-Service

    A 1. How to Ensure the Quality and Purity of Refrigerant Gas?

    a. We have our own labs, we make "analysis of components" for each batch of refrigerant gas shipment to ensure the purity and other components meet the industry standard.
    b. We also welcome customer's own visit or third-party inspection.
    c. From FAQ "Guid to Import Refrigerant Gas", you can clearly see that we always report to you about the production process.

    2. How do I get the after-service

    If there really occurs some problem, which is inevitable for all countries, we are always available at every minute of our working time.
    You can reach us by our company website www.frioflor.com, or by Facebook by search frioflor, or by whatsapp/wechat/ telehone call etc..
    Our sales team is professional and they speak English, Spanish, French, Russian, Chinese... So you can freely communicate with us.

    We are here to do business with you to enlarge refrigerant gas industry together.

  • Q European regulations on importing refrigerant gas

    A In Europe, regulations and standards related to the safe use and handling of R134a refrigerant gas are found in different regulations and standards. Some of these regulations and standards are:
     
    1.The EU F-Gas Regulation, which is a regulation on the use of fluorinated greenhouse gases (HFCs) in the European Union. The regulation requires the use of low-GWP HFCs instead of high-GWP HFCs, including R134a refrigerant gas.

    2.The Pressure Equipment Directive (PED), which is a directive on the safety of pressure equipment, including cylinder heads and cylinders for R134a refrigerant gas. The directive requires the use of CE-marked pressure equipment for R134a refrigerant gas.

    3.The ATEX Directive, which is a directive on equipment and protective systems for use in explosive atmospheres. The directive requires the use of explosion-proof equipment for R134a refrigerant gas to prevent the occurrence of explosions or ignition in the cylinder.

    4.The Machinery Directive, which is a directive on the safety of machines and equipment. The directive requires the use of CE-marked equipment for R134a refrigerant gas to ensure its safety performance.

    5.The EN 600 series standards, which are European standards on low-pressure equipment for compressed gases, including R134a refrigerant gas. EN 600 standards specify requirements for low-pressure cylinder equipment for R134a refrigerant gas.

    6.The European Refrigerants Directive (ERD), which is a directive on the safety of refrigerants, including R134a refrigerant gas. ERD requires that refrigerants used in Europe must comply with ERD requirements to ensure their safety performance and environmental friendliness.

  • Q Introduction of Refrigerant Gas R22

    A Introduction of R22 gas

    R22 is a member of the Freon family and belongs to the category of hydrochlorofluorocarbons. As the most widely used medium and low temperature refrigerant today, refrigerant R-22 is widely used in reciprocating compressors as a refrigerant in industrial, commercial, and household air conditioning systems.
    It can also be used as aerosol spray for pesticides and spray paint, and it can also be used to produce fire extinguishing agent 1211; it is the basic raw material for the production of various fluorine-containing polymer compounds.

    Physical Properties
    Molecular Formula  CHCLF2 
    Molecular Weight 86.47
    Boiling Point  101.3KPa(° C) -40.80 
    Freezing Point  101.3KPa (° C) -160.00 
    Density 30° C(kg/m3) 1174.2
    Critical Temperature (° C)  96.2
    Critical Pressure (MPa) 4.99
    ODP 0.034
    GWP  1700

    The main purpose
     
    As the most widely used medium and low temperature refrigerant today, R-22 is mainly used in household air conditioners, commercial air conditioners, central air conditioners, mobile air conditioners, heat pump water heaters, dehumidifiers, refrigerated dryers, cold storage, food freezing equipment, marine refrigeration equipment, Industrial refrigeration, commercial refrigeration, refrigeration condensing units, supermarket display cabinets and other refrigeration equipment.

    Difluoromonochloromethane can also be used as a raw material for the production of polytetrafluoroethylene resin, an intermediate for fire extinguishing agent 1121, and as a physical foaming agent for polymers (plastics).
     
    Used in reciprocating compressors, as refrigerants in industrial, commercial, and domestic air-conditioning systems; it can also be used as aerosol propellant for pesticides and spray paint, and it can also be used to produce fire extinguishing agent 1211; it is the production of various fluorine-containing polymers The basic raw material of the compound.
     
    R22 belongs to the HCFC refrigerant. According to the Montreal Protocol, it will be completely phased out before 2030.
    The main environmentally friendly alternatives: R404A, R410A, R290, R23, R407C, R411A, R417A, R1270.

    Major international brands: DuPont, Honeywell, Arkema, Frioflor etc. However, because developed countries have already phased out R22 ahead of schedule, the production of this product is no longer allowed in their own countries, so the so-called imported R22 sold on the market is actually domestic OEM production.

    It is generally used in air conditioners or a two-machine cascaded first stage, as the high-temperature end refrigerant, which has greater refrigeration strength than general refrigerants.

    Quality Index
    Purity more than 99.93%
    Water content  ≤0.001% 
    Acidity ≤0.00001% 
    Evaporation residue  ≤0.01% 
    Appearance  Colorless and clear 
    Odor  Odorless 

    Refrigerant R22 packaging
     
    Disposable steel bottle packaging:
    1. 13.6kg/bottle, 22.7kg/bottle;
    2. reusable steel bottle packaging (recycling and packaging steel bottles): 400kg/bottle, 800kg/bottle.

    Refrigerant R22 storage and transportation
    Refrigerant R22 cylinders are pressurized containers. They should be stored away from fire, heat, and direct sunlight. They are usually stored in a cool, dry and ventilated warehouse; they should be loaded and unloaded with care to prevent damage to the cylinders, valves and other accessories. 
     
    What refrigeration oil matches refrigerant R22?
    The refrigerating oils usually used with refrigerant R22 are: Suniso 3GS, 4GS, 5GS, KunLun 3GS, 4GS, 5GS, ICEMATIC SW220, CP-4214-320, LUNARIA KT15, 22, 32, 46, 56, Capella WF68, etc.; What kind of refrigerating oil is finally used in different equipment and different application places should follow the recommendations of the refrigeration compressor and refrigeration (air-conditioning) equipment manufacturers, or determine the use of the same design and technical requirements according to the specific conditions of the refrigeration compressor and refrigeration equipment. 

  • Q Introduction of Refrigerant Gas R134A

    A Introduction

    R134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane) is one of the most widely used medium and low temperature environmentally friendly refrigerants. It has good comprehensive performance, making it a very effective and safe R12 (dichloro two Fluoromethane) can be used in most fields where R12 refrigerant is used.

    R-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane) is a kind of non-chlorine atom, does not damage the ozone layer, and has good safety performance (non-flammable, non-explosive, non-toxic, non-irritating, non-corrosive) refrigerant, its cooling capacity and efficiency are very close to R-12 (dichlorodifluoromethane, freon), so it is regarded as an excellent long-term alternative refrigerant. R-134a is currently internationally recognized as the best environmentally friendly substitute for R-12. It does not destroy the ozone layer at all. It is an environmentally friendly refrigerant recognized and recommended by most countries in the world. It is also the current mainstream environmentally friendly refrigerant. It is widely used in the initial installation and maintenance of new refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment. [1] . R134a has very low toxicity and is non-flammable in the air. The safety category is A1, which is a very safe refrigerant.

    Physical Properties
    Molecular Formula  CH2FCF3
    Molecular Weight 102.03
    Boiling Point  -26.1
    Freezing Point  101.3KPa (° C) -96.60
    Density 30° C(kg/m3) 1188.1
    Critical Temperature (° C)  101.1
    Critical Pressure (MPa) 4.06
    ODP 0
    GWP  1300

    Main Application
     
    R-134a is the most widely used medium and low temperature environmental protection refrigerant. Due to the good comprehensive performance of R-134a, It is a very effective and safe alternative to R-12, which is mainly used in most fields where R12 refrigerant is used, including: refrigerators, freezers, water dispensers, automobile air conditioners, central air conditioners, dehumidifiers, cold storage, commercial refrigeration, It can also be used in refrigeration equipment such as ice water machine, ice cream machine, freezing and condensing unit, etc., and can also be used in aerosol propellants, medical aerosols, insecticide propellants, polymer (plastic) physical foaming agents, and magnesium alloy protection Gas etc. R-134a can be widely used as a refrigerant in automobile air conditioners, refrigerators, central air conditioners, commercial refrigeration and other industries, and can be used in medicine, pesticides, cosmetics, and cleaning industries.

    Quality Index
    Purity  ≥99.90% 
    Water content  ≤0.001% 
    Acidity ≤0.00001% 
    Evaporation residue  ≤0.01% 
    Chloride content N/M
    Appearance  Colorless and clear 
    Odor  Odorless 


  • Q Introduction of Propane Refrigerant Gas R290

    A
    Basic Information of R290 Propane Gas

    R290 is a new type of environmentally friendly refrigerant, mainly used in central air conditioners, heat pump air conditioners, household air conditioners and other small refrigeration equipment. R290 (propane), also known as propane, has excellent thermal performance, low price, and R290 is compatible with ordinary lubricating oil and mechanical structural materials, ODP=0, GWP is small, does not need to be synthesized, and does not change the content of natural hydrocarbons , Has no direct impact on the greenhouse effect. Propane has a large refrigeration capacity per unit volume, which is very suitable for small rotary compressors. The main physical properties of propane are very similar to R22. The R22 system can be used. The original machine and production line are not modified, and propane can be filled directly, which is a direct substitute. Considering the cost of CFC replacement, propane is particularly suitable for developing countries.
     
    　　 Currently, R290 has been used in domestic heat pump water heaters and air conditioning systems in Germany. Wolf Laborato-ries Limited has produced R290 household refrigerators. DANFOSS is also developing R290 household refrigerators.
     
     Physical properties of R290
     
    　　 At -25℃, the pressure of R 290 is similar to that of R22, which is higher than R1 34a and lower than R404A. The standard boiling point of R290 is similar to R22, and the critical temperature is also close to R22, but the exhaust temperature of R290 is lower than that of R22. Therefore, the pressure of R290 is lower than R22. In other words, the suction temperature of R290 can be higher and the evaporation temperature can be lower. some. At 45°C condensing temperature, 32°C suction temperature and no subcooling, the volumetric cooling capacity of R290 is similar to that of R22, which is 1.5 times that of R134a. It is 2.5 to 3 times that of R600a, which means that for household refrigerators with the same cooling capacity, the R290 refrigerator refrigeration system has a smaller structural size, and the overall space occupied by the refrigerator is reduced.

    Physical Properties
    Molecular Formula CH3CH2CH3
    Molecular Weight 44.1
    Boiling Point  ℃ -42.1
    Freezing Point N/M
    Critical Temperature (℃)  96.6
    Critical Pressure (MPa) 4.248
    ODP 0
    GWP  3.3
     
    The safety performance of R290
     
    The disadvantage of using R290 as a refrigerant is the flammability of R290. The compressor, condenser, evaporator, pipeline and other components of the refrigeration system may cause the leakage of working fluid, and the temperature controller, compressor relay, lighting, etc. Electronic components such as defrost buttons can be sources of ignition. Therefore, the maximum charge of R290 in the refrigerator should be controlled at about 150g. In order to ensure safe operation, the refrigeration system and control components should be arranged in different spaces. Install a protector and flame-retardant relay on the compressor. Control ventilation to avoid local concentration accumulation, and often use gas sensors to detect leaks. The R290 refrigeration system should be closed, and leak detection should be strictly carried out before charging the refrigerant.
     
    R290 refrigeration system performance
     
    The theoretical COP values ​​of R290, R600a and R134a are higher than those of R22 at the evaporating temperature of -25°C and the condensing temperature of 45°C, without subcooling and high superheat; the theoretical COP values ​​of JR290, R600a and R134a at low superheat Lower than R22. The COP values ​​of R290 and R134a are similar. Just like R134a, R404A and R600a, the superheat of the suction is very important to the performance of the R290 refrigeration system, which can improve the COP of the refrigeration system, while R22 has little effect. For the R290 refrigerator refrigeration system, because R290 has a high specific heat of hot steam, it can have a superheat temperature of 20°C to 32°C, which can increase the COP of the 290 refrigerator.

    Quality Index
    Purity  ≥ 99.90% 
    Sulfur content ppm by weight less than 1.0
    Water content ppm by weight less than 10
    Acidity ppm by weight less than 1.0
    Evaporation residue  ≤ 0.01% 
    Appearance  Colorless and clear 
    Odor  Odorless 
     
     Conclusion  
    　　 R290 (propane) has excellent thermal performance, low price, large refrigeration capacity per unit volume, small size, physical properties very similar to R22, and it is a direct substitute. Taking corresponding safety protection measures has a good application prospect for environmental protection and energy saving.

  • Q Introduction of ISOBUTHANE Refrigerant Gas R600a

    A
    1. Introduction to R600a
     
    R600a refrigerant: alias R600a, Chinese name isobutane, English name isobutane, trade name Reflube 600a
     
    Application: refrigerant;
     
    Chemical formula: C4H10;
     
    Type: Hydrocarbon refrigerant;

    2. Application of R600a
    It is mainly used to replace R12 and R134a refrigerants in refrigerators, freezers, and other small refrigeration equipment; because R600a is flammable, it is usually only used in low-temperature refrigeration equipment with a small amount of liquid. It is also often used as a mixed refrigerant. Two components; R600a is compatible with traditional lubricants;
     
    High-purity isobutane is mainly used as standard gas and the preparation of special standard mixed gas;
     
    Used in the synthesis of isooctane, as a gasoline octane improver, used in the production of isobutylene, propylene, methacrylic acid, and used as a refrigerant.
     
    3. Physical Properties of R600a
    Physical Properties
    Molecular Formula (CH3)2CHCH3
    Molecular Weight 58.123
    Boiling Point  ℃ -11.7
    Freezing Point N/M
    Density 30° C(kg/m3) 221
    Critical Temperature (℃)  134.9
    Critical Pressure (MPa) 3.648
    ODP 0
    GWP  3

    4. Quality Index of R600a
    Quality Index
    Purity  ≥ 99.90% 
    Sulfur content ppm by weight less than 1.0
    Water content ppm by weight less than 10
    Acidity ppm by weight less than 1.0
    Evaporation residue  ≤ 0.01% 
    Appearance  Colorless and clear 
    Odor  Odorless 

    5. R600a refrigerant packaging (for reference only)
    Disposable steel bottle packaging: 6.5kg/bottle, 11.5kg/bottle
     
    Reusable steel bottle packaging (recycled packaging steel bottle): 60kg/118L, 200kg/400L, 400kg/800L,470kg/926L
     
    6. R600a refrigerant storage and transportation
     
    (1) R600a storage
     
    R600a refrigerant cylinders are pressure vessels. They should be stored away from fire, heat sources, and direct sunlight. They are usually stored in a cool, dry and ventilated warehouse;
     
    R600a is stored separately from oxidants, combustibles or combustibles, and aluminum. Remember to store them together.
     
    The storage area should be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment
     
    Pay attention to the product name and the date of acceptance during acceptance, and use advanced warehouses first;
     
    (2) R600a transportation
     
    You must wear the safety helmet on the cylinder when transporting the cylinder. Place the steel cylinders horizontally with the mouth of the cylinder facing the same direction. Do not store them crosswise;
     
    Please load and unload lightly during transportation to prevent damage to accessories such as cylinders and valves.
     
    In summer, it should be transported in the morning and evening to prevent sun exposure and away from heat sources;
     
    It is forbidden to drop off during railway and road transportation;
     
    Do not mix with oxidizers, combustibles or combustibles, active metals, etc.;

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